Milling machine



July 1945- J. B ARMITAGE 2,379,405

MILLING MACHINE Filed July 14,1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY July 3,1945. J. B. ARMITAGE 2,379,405

MILLING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1939 V 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR JOSEPH3.; AHMJ 714 55 ATTORNEY J 1945- J. B. ARMITAGE 2,379,405

4 MILLING MACHINE I Filed July 14, 1939 v 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 lNVENTORATTORNEY y 1945- J. B. ARMlTAG 2,379,405

MILLING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 306JasEPHfiARMzTAs-E I BY 5 4AT'TORNEY July 3, 1945. .1. B. ARMITAGEMILLING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 14, 1939 w VW w R QQ hi Amybm M2 TA W 1945- J. B. ARMITAGE 2,379,405

MILLING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR I.JbsEPHB. AHMJTAEE' BY W% fl 3 TI'ORNEY y 1945- J. B. ARMITAGE 2,379,405

MILLING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 g ,Jbsz'PH .E. ARM]TA GE ATTORNEY July 3, 1945.

J. B. ARMITAGE MILLING MACHINE Filed July 14, 12539 9 Sheets-Sheet 9.FZG. 55

INVENTOR J'a EEFH .E. 'Amw TA E2:

E5. 5] I BY f Patented July 3, 194

MILLING MACHINE Joseph B. Armitage, Wauwa'tosa, Wis., assignor toKearney & Trecker Corporation, West Allis, Wis., a corporation ofWisconsin Application July 14, 1939, Serial No. 284,387

30 Claims. (01. 90-15) This invention relates generally to machine toolsand more particularly to an improved milling machine adaptedto performintricate machining operations with facility and with a high degree ofaccuracy.

A general object of the inventionis to provide an improved millingmachine especially adapted to machine articles of intricate shapes suchas dies or the like;

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved millingmachine capable of producing directly and with a high degree ofprecision, articles including various arcuate and angularly disposedelements of predetermined dimensions arranged in accurately establishedrelationship; I g

Another object is to provide an improved milling machine capable ofeffecting angular and circular'or arcuate machining operations upon aworkpiece at various predetermined positions thereon without resettingthe workpiece in the machine;

Another object is to provide improved supporting means for a machinetool spindle;

Another object is to provide an improved milling machine having a rotarytool supporting spindle mounted for gyratory bodily movement;

Another object is to provide improved driving mechanism for impartingaxial feeding movementc, to a gyratory machine tool spindle; Anotherobject is to provide an improved power transmitting mechanism forrotating a bodily movable spindleof a machine tool;

Another object is to provide an improved oscillatory supportingstructure for carrying the power transmitting mechanism connected todrive a bodily movable machine tool element;

Another object is to provide an improved coolant fluid supply system fora machine tool; A further object is to provide an improved system forsupplying coolant liquid or air or a mixture of liquid and air to thecutter of a machine tool.

According to this invention, a milling machine particularly adapted toperform intricate machining operations on dies and the like, is providedwith a work-supporting table and a cooperating tool supporting spindlemounted for gyratory bodily movement relative to the table. The toolsupporting spindle is preferably dis- Dosed vertically is carried by arotatably mounted head in which it is arranged for radial adjustment toposition it for efiecting arcuate spindle is also arranged for axialfeeding movemounted in the machine frame independently of the rotatablehead, the motor being operatively connected to the spindle by animproved speed changing belt transmission mechanism.

To accommodate the bodily movement of the spindle, the'driving motor andthe speed changing transmission mechanism are carried bodily by anoscillating platform oneend of which moves with the spindle while theother end is slidably mounted in the frame, the action of theplatform-being similar to that of a connecting.

rod. The rotary spindle carrying head is mounted in preloaded ballbearings and is arranged to be power driven by means of a selectivespeed changing and reversing mechanism which is provided with a trippingdevice for stopping the head in predetermined positions. Improved meansare provided for supplying either coolant liquid or air to a cutter inthe bodily movable spindle at any position assumed by it.

The invention is exemplified herein by means of a milling machine ofspecial construction embodying the inventive features.' However, it isto be understood that this particular embodiment is intended to beillustrative only and that various other types of machine toolsincorporating different structural details coming within the range ofequivalents of the features defined in the subjoined claims, may beutilized in practicing the invention.

The foregoing and other objects of this invention, which will becomemore fully apparent from the following detailed specification, may beachieved by the exemplifying machine tool depicted in and described inconnection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a general view in front elevation of an improved millingmachine embodying the novel features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a general view in left side elevation of movement along pathsof different radii. The Fig. 4 is another enlarged detail View, taken invertical section along the line 4-4 of Fig. 'l and showing the coolantcontrolling valve;

Fig. 5 is a general view in right side elevation of the machine toolshown in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view of trip mechanism for the spindlequill feeding apparatus, taken in the direction of the arrows 6-6 inFig. 5;

Fig. '7 is a plan view, partly in horizontal section along the line 'I'!in Fig. 5, showing the work supporting structure of the machine and anillustrative workpiece;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail view in horizontal section, taken along theline 8-8 in Fig. 1v and showing the position indicating dial adjustingmeans;

Fig. 9 is another detail view of the dial adjusting means, taken intransverse vertical section along the line 9-9 in Fig.8;

Fig. 10 is a view in vertical section, taken longitudinally through theupper portion of the machine on the plane represented by the line Ill-lin Fig. 1;

Fig. 11 isa plan view, partly in horizontal sectlon taken along the linelI-l l in Fig. 10, showing the spindle driving transmission mechanism inthe machine head;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary detail view in vertical section, taken on theline l2-I2 in Fig. 11 and showing part of the belt tensioning means;

Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view of another part of the belttensioning means, taken along the line 13-13 in Fig. 11;

Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view of part of a belt adjustingmechanism, taken along the line l4-| 4 in Fig. 11;

Fig. 15 is a detail sectional-view of another part of the belt adjustingmechanism, taken along the line l-I 5 in Fig. 11

Fig. 16 is a detail view in vertical section of clamping means for thebelt tensioning and speed adjusting mechanisms, taken along the linel3l6 inFig. 11;

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic view largely in section, of the powertransmission mechanism for revolving the spindle carrying rotary head ofthe machine;

Fig. 18 is a view of the rotary head and the spindle supporting slide,taken largely in horizontal section along the line l8-l8 in Fig. 2,looking upward;

Fig. 19 is an enlarged view of the spindle quill feeding mechanism,taken in horizontal section on the plane represented by the line l9l9 inF Fig. 20 is a fragmentary detail view of the quill feeding piniondriving gear taken in vertical section along the line 20-20 in Fig. 19;

Fig. 21 is an enlarged fragmentary view in elevation of the spindlequil1 feeding andcontrol mechanism, as it appears in Fig. 2; and

Fig. 22 is a view of the spindle feeding mechanism. generally similar toFig. 21 but taken in vertical section along the line 22-22 in Fig. 19.

, The particular machine tool shown in the drawings as exemplifyingstructure constituting a preferred embodiment of the invention, isgenerally similar in character, particularly as to the work supportingportions thereof. to a knee and column type milling machine, although itis to be understood that the various novel features of the invention maybe incorporated in machine tools of other types and of differentconstruction with equal advantage.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, the

improved milling machine there illustrated is fully described in thefollowing parts of this specification by way of a complete disclosure ofan operative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in thegeneral views in front and side elevation, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, the machinecomprises a base and upstanding column member 30 constituting the mainframe or supporting element and carrying cooperating work-supporting andtool supporting members. As best shown in Fig. 1, the column 30 isprovided on its forward face with spaced vertical ways 3| and 32constituting bearing surfaces for guiding a vertically adjustable worksupporting structure including a knee 33 that slidably engages the waysand that may be adjusted along them by actuating a handwheel 34 at thefront of the knee. On the top of the knee 33 there is slidably mounted asaddle 35, arranged for transverse movement toward or from the column byactuating a handwheel 36 also disposed at the front of the knee. Thesaddle supports, in turn, a horizontal work carrying table 31 arrangedfor longitudinal movement parellel with the face of the column, ahandwheel 38 being provided at the left end of the saddle for actuatingthe table. By manipulating the three handwheels, a workpiece 39 carriedby the table 31 may be adjusted in three mutually transverse planes toany desired position within the range of the machine.

Above the work carrying table 31, a. vertically disposed tool .carryingspindle 42 is mounted for bodily gyratory movement in cooperatingrelationship with the workpiece 39. As shown in Fig. 5, the tool spindle42 depends from a forwardly projecting supporting structure or ma.-chine head 43 constituting a superstructure mounted on the top of thecolumn 30, in position to present a milling cutter 44 in cooperatingrelationship with the workpiece 39 on the table 31. As best shown inFigs. 10 and 18, the tool spindle 42 is carried in a rotatablesupporting head 45 by means of a radially adjustable transverse Slide 46that supports an axially adjustable quill 41 within which the spindle isrotatably mounted. The rotatable head 45 is preferably carried in theforwardly projecting superstructure 43 by means of preloaded ball:bearings 48, and it may be turned manually by means of a handwheel 49to move the eccentrically disposed spindle 42 through a circular orarcuate path of radius determined by the position of the radiallymovable cross slide 43 to effect gyratory machining operations in themanner more fully set forth and claimed in Reissue Patent No. 20,893, toHoward W. Bartholomew, entitled Milling machine.

As best shown in Fig. 18, the radial cutter supporting slide 46 isfitted in the rotary head 45 by means of a pair of tapered gibs 51 and52 engaging the respective sides thereof in such manner that theposition of the spindle 42 relative to a diametral line of the head 45may be adjusted by moving the slide 46 transversely. This is effectedbyloosening one gib and then tightening the other gib to position theslide precisely for movement of the spindle accurately along thediametral line.

The spindle carrying slide 46 may be adjusted radially of the head 45,along the diametral line, by turning a depending hand crank 53 that isconnected by helical gearing 54 with an actuating screw 55, the radialposition of the spindle being indicated by means of a scale 56. shown inFig. 1, that is read in conjunction with a dial ll adlustably secured onthe end of the screw 53.

With the spindle 42 set at a predetermined radial position, the head 45may be rotated to move the cutting tool 44 in manner to machine anarcuate or circular form upon the workpiece 39 at. an position upon itssurface, determined by th longitudinal and transverse adjustment of thetable 31 and the saddle 35. Likewise, linear cutting movements at anypredetermined angle may be effected by setting the rotary head 45 toposition the cross slide 46 at the predetermined axial feeding movementthereof. A complementary cone pulley 14 is rotatably supported near themiddle of the platform 64 and. is connected by means of a V-belt 15 tothe pulley 12, the arrangement being such that the belt may be moved toany one of three pairs of aligned belt grooves in the cooperatingpulleys in manner to provide three ranges of speed of operation for thespindle angle, as indicated by a scale 59 on the head and a cooperatingmicrometer scale 60 associated with the .handwheel- 49, the slide 46then being fed along the angular path by turning its actuatingha'ndcrank 53. The various angular and arcuate cutting movements may becorrelated to .fonn

- the desired contours upon the workpiece 39 in predeterminedrelationship by suitably positioning the workpiece 39. This isaccomplished by means of the saddle and table moving handwheels 36 and38, respectively, as is more fully explained in the previously mentionedpatent.

The mechanism for rotating the spindle 42 to drive the milling cutter44; is mounted within the forwardly projecting machine head 43 and ismade accessible by opening a hinged cover 62 at the top of the machine.'As shown in Fig. 10, the

source of power for driving the spindle 42 is an electrical motor 63slidably mounted in the supporting superstructure 43 independently ofthe rotating head 45. An improved power transmission mechanism isprovided for transmitting power from the motor 63 in the machine frameto the spindle 42 in the rotary head 45 to drive it at selected speed inwhatever position the spindle The intermediate pulley 74 has formedintegrally with it an additional belt groove or single pulley 16 forreceiving a relatively wide V-belt 11 that operates over it and anadjustable or expansible V-pulley l8 fixed on the shaft of thedrivingmotor63, the arrangement being such that the driving ratiobetween the adjustable,

" an upper plate 8| which carries the bearing 65 may assume in itsgyratory movement resulting from turning the head. For this purpose, thedriving motor 63 and the ,power transmission mechanism are carried by anoscillating platform structure 64 which is pivotally connected at oneend concentric with the spindle 42 and is pivotally and slidablysupported at its other and within the rear part of the housing 43 at thetop of the column 38, the arrangement being such that theplatform movesin the manner of a connecting rod structure of the type used inreciprocating engines. As shown in Fig. 10, the forward end of theplatform 64 is rotatably mounted by means of ball bearings 65 on asleeve 66 that'is fixed in the radial slide 46 and constitutes theguiding structure for the vertically movable spindle supporting quill41. At its other or innerend, the

platform 64 is pivotally mounted by means of ball bearings 61 upon asupporting block or cross head 68 that is slidably mounted for movementtoward or from the front of the machine upon a. pair of parallellydisposed guide rods 69 fixed in the supporting structure 43, as bestshown in Figs. 10 and 11. As shown in Fig. 10, the motor 63 is carriedby the cross head 68 with its shaft concentric with the bearing 6'!andwith its frame depending into the top of the hollow column 38. Bythis arrangement, the motor 63 is supported'in the machine frame in suchmanner that the relationship between the shaft of the motor and thespindle 42 is maintained constant by the inter- 1 connecting linkage orplatform structure during rotary movement of the head 46 in impartinggyratory'action to the spindle.

In order to provide for adjusting the speed of rotation of the spindle42, the spindle is driven by a cone or step pulley 12 that is rotatablymounted on the upper end of the sleeve 66 by means of ball bearings 13and is arranged to have sliding connection with the spindle 42 to permitconstituting the rotatable connection with the spindle 42, anintermediate plate 82 which carries the intermediate pulley l4, and'alower plate 83 which carries the bearing 61 constituting the pivotalconnection with the sliding cross head 68. To provide for adjusting thetension of the belt I5 or to loosen it for changing its position uponthe cone pulleys l2 and 14, a screw and nut mechanism. is arranged toeffect sliding movement between the upper plate 8| and the intermediateplate 82. As best shown in Fig. 13, the intermediate plate 82 hassecured to it a nut element 84 arranged for sliding movement in a grooveor slot 85 in the upper plate 8|. The nut 84 cooperates with a screw-86which is rotatably mounted in a bracket 81 secured to the top plate 8|,as best shown in Fig. 12. The bracket 81 carries a vertically disposedrotatable control shaft 88 that is provided at its lower end with abevel pinion 89 meshing with a similar pinion 90 fixed on the screw 86.For actuating the belt tightener, the shaft 88 is provided at its upperend with a handwheel 9| by means of whiohit may be rotated to turnthescrew 86 within the nut 84 for effecting sliding movement of theintermediate plate 82 relative to the top plate 8|.

Likewise, the lower plate 83 may be moved relative to the intermediateplate for the purpose of adjusting the position of the belt 11 withinthe expansible pulley 18 to change the transmission ratio. For thispurpose, the lower plate 83 has secured to it a. nut element 92 arrangedfor sliding movement in slots 93 in the plates 8| and 82, as shown inFig. 15. A screw" 94 cooperating with the nut 92, is rotatably mountedin a bracket 95 that is secured to the intermediate plate 82 as bestshown in Fig. 14, and arranged for sliding movement in a slot 96 in thetop plate 8|. As shown in Fig. 10, the bracket 95 also constitutes thesupporting journal for the intermediate multiple pulley 14 which ismounted thereon by means of spaced ball bearings 91. Within the bracket95 there is journalled a vertically dis-- posed control shaft llll thepulley 14 and is provided at its lower end with a bevel pinion I02 thatmeshes with a similar pinion I 03 fixed on the adjusting screw 94. At

which extends through i its upper end, the control shaft IOI is providedwith a handwheel I04 which may be rotated to turn the screw 94 foreffecting sliding movement of the lower plate 83 relative to theintermediate plate 82 in manner to change the position of the belt 11 inthe groove of the adjustable pulley 18 for adjusting the driving ratiobetween the motor 63 and the intermediate pulley 14.

To indicate the driving ratio, the pulley 18 is provided with indicatingmechanism including a shoe I06 disposed to engage one face of the pulleyand arranged for vertical sliding movement with it when the beltposition is changed. The shoe I08 is pivotally connected to one arm ofan indicating bell crank I01 in manner to move the other arm thereofrelative to an indicating scale I08, upon expansion or contraction ofthe pulley. By noting the indication on the scale I08 and the positionof the V-belt 15 on the cone pulleys, and

then referring to a speed chart furnished for the purpose, the speed ofrotation of the spindle 42 may be determined.

After the sliding plates have been moved to ad- I justed position, allthree plates may be clamped together to constitute a substantially rigidplatform, by actuating a clamping lever I09 on a bracket I I0 resting onthe top plate 8|. As shown in Fig. 16, the clamping lever I09 is pivotedupon the upper end of a shaft III that is provided at its lower end witha shoe H2 fixed in the lower plate 83, the lever having a cam elementwhich bears upon he top of the bracket H0 in manner to draw upward uponthe shaft III in effecting the clamping action. The three plates aremaintained in alignment by means of four guide pins or screws arrangedin pairs near the respective ends of the platform and fixed in the lowerplate 83 as shown in Fig. 12, the upper and intermediate plates beingprovided with slots II4 that receive the screws to permit the relativelongitudinal sliding movement.

Whenever either the handwheel 9| or the handwheel I04 is manipulated toeffect relative sliding movement of the plates or struts, the distancebetween the spindle 42 and the driving motor 63 is altered, but sincethe motor is slidably carried on the guide rods 69, the change in lengthof the connecting rod or platform structure does not interfere with itsoscillatory operation but merely causes the motor to assume a slightlydifferent position upon the guide rods.

In order to lock the spindle 42 in stationary position for changing thecutter, or the like, there is provided adjacent to the cone pulley 12and preferably formed integrally with it, a looking plate II5 having aplurality of holes II6 disposed in a circle. The holes I I6 are arrangedin such manner that any one of them may be engaged by a spring pressedlocking plunger or pin II 1 carried by a bracket fixed on the sleeve 66,the arrangement being such that the pin may be locked in retracted ordisengaged position when it is desired to operate the spindle.

Axial feeding movement of the quill 41 and the spindle 42'may beeffected manually or by feeding mechanism deriving power from therotating spindle and-arranged'to move the quill axially at a rate havingpredetermined relationship to the speed of rotation of the spindle. Asshown inFig. 10, the spindle driving cone pulley 12 is keyed to a sleeveII8 which is rotatably supported by the ball bearings 13 and is providedwith internal splines that slidably receive cooperating external splineson the spindle 42 to provide for relative longitudinal sliding movement.in Figs. 2 and 21; and

therebetween. For supplying feeding power, the sleeve H8 is provided atits lower end with a toothed gear portion I I9 that meshes with acomplementary gearwheel I20 fixed on the upper end of a vertical shaftI2I journalled in the radial slide 46. The shaft I2I is provided at itslower end with a worm I22 that engages a wormwheel I23 which drives arate changing and reversing mechanism I24 mounted in a housing dependingfrom and constituting part of the slide 46. The rate changing mechanismI24 is operative, in manner more fully described hereinafter, to turn apinion I25 in the desired direction and at preupward against the upperball bearing structure I21 and is supported at its lower end by means ofa collar I30 encircling the spindle and supported in fixed verticalposition by pins I3I mounted in the fixed sleeve 66 and passing throughslots I32 in the verticallymovable. quill 41.

Referring now to Figs. 19 and 22 showing the quill driving rate changingand reversing mechanism I24 in section and enlarged, it appears that thewormwheel I23, which is driven by the worm I22 011' the vertical shaftI2I, has fixed with it four gear wheels I33, I34, I35 and I36 ofdifferent diameters, the gear wheels being rotatably supported as a unitby means of a stub shaft I31 journalled in the housing. The four gearwheels mesh respectively with complementary gear wheels I38, I39, I40and MI each of which is rotatably mounted independently on a hollowshaft I42 journalled in the housing parallel with the shaft I31, as bestshown in Fig. 22. Within the hollow shaft I42 is slidably mounted akeying member I43 arranged to be moved axially therein and adapted tocooperate selectively with keyways in the four gears for engaging andlocking any one of them to the shaft. The keying member I43 is providedwith an extending control rod I44 that projects from the end of thehollow shaft I42 and is provided with a circular rack portion I45 thatis engaged by a meshing pinion I46. The pinion I46'is carried on arocking shaft I41 that projects from the housing, as appears is providedat its outer end with an actuating handle I48. By movin the handle I48,the shaft I41 may be turned to any one of four active positionsindicated by a pointer I49 thereon, or to a central neutral position, asshown in Fig. 21, to move the keying member I43'in manner to lock anyone of the gear wheels I38, I39, I40 or I tothe'shaft I42. This resultsin the shaft I42 being driven selectively at any one of four speedsrelative to the speed of the shaft I31 and the speed of the driving toolspindle 42.

As shown in Fig. 22, the hollow shaft I42 has fixed upon it a relativelylarge gear wheel I5I and a relatively small gear wheel I52 which areadapted to be engaged selectively by a complementary small gear wheelI53 and large gear wheel I54, respectively, fixed together to constitutea couplet which is slidably keyed on a par- ,allel shaft I55. The'shiftable gear couplet on the shaft I55 and the cooperating gears onthe shaft I42 constitute a range changing mechanism by means of whichthe shaft I55 may be driven in either a high range or a low range toprovide,

in combination with a shiftable keying member I43, a total of eightspeed changes for the shaft I55. As shown, the large gear wheel I54 ofthe sliding couplet is engaged by a shifting fork I51 that is fixed on ashifting rod I58 which projects from the casing and is provided on itsprojecting end with a pull knob I59 whereby the couplet may be moved toeither of its two positions, a spring pressed detent mechanism I60 beingprovided for engaging cooperating grooves in the rod to retain it ineither position. -By manipulating the shifting handle I48 and the pullknob I59 in coordinated relationship, the transmission mechanism I24 maybe caused to transmit power from the hollow shaft I42 to the parallelshaft I55 at any one of eight speed ratios.

The shaft I55 has slidably keyed thereon a reversing clutch spool I62arranged to be moved from a central neutral position in either directionto engage itsclutch teeth with complementary teeth of a pair ofreversing clutch bevel pinions I63 and I64 that are rotatably mounted onthe shaft I55 at opposite sides respectively of the clutch spool I 62.The reversing bevel pinions I63 and I64 both mesh with a similarcooperating bevel pinion I65 that is operatively connected, as shown inFig. 19, by means of a torque limiting device I66, to a shaft I61disposed in the housing at right angles to the shaft I55. As best shownin Fig. 20, the shaft I61 is provided with a worm I68 that meshes with acomplementary wormwheel I69 carried by a shaft I which also carries thepinion I25 that meshes with the rack I26 on the quill 41. As shown inFig. 19, the wormwheel I69 is rotatably mounted 19. the quill 41 isprovided with a projecting lug or tripping arm I80 having a squaredportion arranged for sliding movement in a slot I8I in the side of thestationary sleeve 66, the arm being fastened at its inner end to thequill by means of screws I82. As best shown in Fig. 6, the tripping armI80 is disposed to engage either of a pair of tripping dogs I83 and I84that are adjustably positioned on a tripping member I85'slidably mountedfor vertical movement on the side of the gear housing as indicated inFig. 19.

When one or the other of the tripping dogs I83 or I84 is en aged by thetripping post I80, the slide I85 in moving imparts rocking motion to acrank arm I86 with which it is slidably engaged. The crank arm I86 isfixed on one end of a rockshaft I81 journalled on the side of thehousing and carrying at its other end a cam member I88, as appears inFigs. 19 and 21. The cam member I89 engages one end of each of a pair ofsliding members I89 and I90 mounted in the face of the housing anddisposed to engage with their other ends a similar cam member I9Imounted on a rock shaft I92. As appears in Fig. 19, the rock shaft I92is provided at its inner end with a crank member I93 that engages agroove I94 in the reverser shifting spool I62. The arrangement of thelinkage is such that when the tripon the shaft I10 and is arranged to beoperatively connected to it by means of a cone friction clutch mechanism"I which may be engaged by tightening a nut I12 on the end of the shaftI10 pro- I jecting from. the housing, the arrangement being. such thatthe quill driving mechanism may be disengaged by loosening the nut I12to .free the quill for unrestrained vertical movement. This may bedesirable under some circumstances, as for example when using themachine with a special spindle guiding attachment of the type disclosedand claimed in the co-pending application of Joseph B. Armitage andHoward W. Bartholomew filed August 31, 1939, Serial No. 292,758, whichissued January 25, 1944, as Patent No. 2,340,210, entitled Millingmachine.

To provide for moving the quill 41 manually, a bevel pinion I14 is keyedon the shaft I61, as shown in Figs. 19 and 20, in position to be engaged by a complementary bevel pinion I15 on the inner end of a stubshaft I16 journalled in the transmission housing wall and projectingtherefromto receive an actuating handcrank I11. With the reversingclutch spool I62 in neutral position, the quill 41 and the tool spindle42 may be adjusted vertically by turning the hand crank I11, theposition of the quill being indicated by a micrometer dial I18adiustably secured to the shaft I16.

In order to control power feeding movement of the quill 41, tripmechanism is provided responsive to movement of the quill topredetermined positions delimiting its course of travel and operative tomove the reversing clutch spool I 62 to neutral position therebydisengaging the power driving mechanism. As appears in Figs. 5. 6 andping mechanism is actuated by engagement of the tripping post I witheither of the tripping dogs I83 or I84, the crank I93 is turned to theposition shown in Figs. 19 and 22, thereby moving the clutch spool I62out of engagement with the cooperating reversing pinion into the neutralposition and disengaging the power drive to the quill. For reengagingthe clutch spool I62 with one of the reversing pinions, the rock shaftI92 '5 rovided at its outer end with an actuating har i dle I95 by meansof which it may be turned to s'ition the clutch spool in any one of itsthree p sitions as determined by a spring pressed detent mechanism I96cooperating with detents in m I9I. 'ih: mechanism for turning therotatable head 45 for establishing the angular position of the ke crossslide 46 to effect an angular cutting stro or for moving the cutterspindle 42 in a circular or arcuate cutting stroke, is shown generallyin Figs. 1 and .5, and in detail diagrammatically in Fig. 1'1. As shownin Fig. 17, the actuating hande 49 at the front of the machine iscarried :2 tli e projecting end of a driving shaft 200 which carries anadjustable worm 20I that meshes with complementary worm teeth 202 formedon the periphery of-the rotatable head structure As shown in Figs. 5'and11, the shaft 200 extends rearwardly beyond the worm 20I to a reversingand disconnecting mechanism 203 including a pair of reversing bevelgears 204 and 205 rotatably mounted on the shaft 200 and adapted to beclutched to it selectively by means of a sl dably keyed clutch spool206. The reversing pinions 204 and 205 both mesh with a complementarypinion 201 fixed on a vertically positioned shaft 208 that is arrangedto be driven at selected rate by means of a driving motor 209 and aninterconnecting speed changing gear box 2| 0.

As appears in Fig. 17, the shaft of the rotary I head driving motor 209is provided with a worm shaft 2I4 joumalled .in the housing. Slidablymounted on the splined shaft 2I4 are two gear couplets 2 I 5 and 2 I 6arranged to be meshed selectively with complementary gear wheels fixedon an intermediate shaft 2| 1. A second splined shaft 2 l 8 is likewiseprovided with two slidably mounted gear couplets 2 l 9 and 220 that arealso adapted to be meshed selectively with complementary gear wheels onthe intermediat shaft 211. By this arrangement, the splined shaft 218may be driven at any one of sixteen different speeds by suitablypositioning the various shiftable couplets. As shown, the shaft 2 I 8 isprovided with a spiral gear 22! which meshes with a complementary spiralgear 222 fixed on the lower end of the reverser driving shaft 208, thearrangement being such that by means of the rate changing gear box andthe reverser mechanism 203, the rotary head 45 may be turned by powerselectively in either direction at any one of sixteen speed rates.

The apparatus for positioning the shiftable gear couplets in the speedchanging box 2 l includes a rotatable cam shaft 223 associated with thecouplets H and 2H5 and a similar cam shaft 224 associated with thecouplets M9 and 220. Each of the cam shafts, as indicated with regard tothe cam shaft 224 in Fig. 1'1, is provided with two circumferential camgrooves 225 each of which is engaged by a cam follower or pin 225carried within a sleeve like shifting element 221 encircling andslidably mounted on the cam shaft, .each sleeve element being providedwith an extending cooperating shifting fork 228 that engages a shiftinggroove in the corresponding couplet in the usual manner. By thisarrangement, each of the sleeves 221 may be moved longitudinally by en-Easement of the cam follower 225 with the cam groove 225 as the camshaft is rotated, its longitudinal movement being properly guided byreason of its sliding engagement with the periphery of the cam shaft,whereby the usual auxiliary guide rod may be dispensed with.

The cam shafts 223 and 224 are provided at their outer ends withactuating crank handles 230 and 23l, respectively, each having a lockingpin which may be engaged in any one of four equally such that when theshifting arm 231 is in the central or neutral position the shifting fork240 and the reversing clutch spool 20B are likewise in neutral position.Accordingly, whenever the arm 231 is engaged by one of the trip dogs 235the reversing clutch spool 205 is moved out of engagement with thecooperating reversing pinion 204 or 205 and the power driving train tothe rotary head, is thereby disengaged. Since the trip dogs 235.0perateupon a circle ordinarily much greater in diameter than the circular pathof the cutter,

spaced locking holes 232 in the front of the gear box, as best shown inFig. 5. The cam grooves are so arranged that only one couplet gear oneach of the splined shafts 2 l4 and 2l8 may be engaged with acooperating gear on the intermediate shaft 211 at any one time. Bypositioning the two adlusting cranks 230 and 23! in accordance with achart furnished, the rate changing gearing may] be set in manner toprovide any one of the-sixteen available speed rates for revolving thespindle carrying rotatable head 45.

In machining an arcuate configuration upon a workpiece, it is sometimesdesirable to turn the spindle carrying rotary head 45 back and forththrough a predetermined arc of movement. To facilitate a machiningoperation of this type, the rotary, head is provided with trip mechanismincludinga pair of trip dogs 235 adjustably positioned in acircumferential T slot 238 formed in the periphery of the head. Asappears in Figs. 5 and 17, the trip dogs 235 are disposed to engage atripping arm 231 that is pivotally mounted in the head supporting fstructure 43, the arrangement being such thatupon the arm 231 beingengaged by a dog 235 approaching from either direction, it is moved tothe central neutral position shown in the drawings. As shown in Fig.1'1, the tripping arm 231 operatively engages a control rod 239 whichextends rearwardly from the region of the rotary head to the reversingmechanism 203, and is provided at its extended end with a. shifting fork240 that engages the shiftable rethe position at which the cutter is tobe stopped may be predetermined with a proportionately high degree ofaccuracy.

To reengage the head driving train, the tripping arm 231 and itsassociated linkage may be turned by means of an upwardly extending handlever 24l mounted at the side of the machine head and which may be movedmanually to position the reversing clutch spool 205 in any one of itsthree operating positions, as determined by three detent notches in thearm 231 that are engaged by a. spring pressed detent plunger 242. Inorder to prevent the handwheel 49 from accidentally being turned by thepower driving mechanism and thus endangering the operator, the handwheelis slidably mounted on the end of the shaft 200 and is provided withclutch teeth 245 which may be engaged with complementary clutch teeth240 of a clutch member fixed on the shaft. To insure disengagement ofthe hand wheel clutch teeth 245 from the shaft clutch teeth 246 when thepower driving mechanism is engaged, the tripping arm 231 is arranged toengage the end of a control rod 241 that is slidably mounted parallelwith the shaft 200, as shown in Fig. 1'1. The tripping arm 231cooperates with the control rod 241 in such manner that when the arm ismoved in either direction from neutral position to an engaged position,the control rod 241 is moved outwardly and a fork 248 thereon, whichengages a groove 249 in the handwheel 49, moves the handwheel outwardlyto disengage the clutch teeth. Furthermore, the arrangement is such thatthe clutch cannot be reengaged until the tripping arm 231 is again movedto the neutral position shown, whereupon the arm presents a notch 250disposed to receive the end of the control rod 241 in manner to permitinward clutch engaging movement of the handwheel. Lubricant for the headdriving mechanism is supplied by means of an oil reservoir 253, shown inFig. 5.

When it is desired to set the rotary head 45 at a predetermined anglefor performing an angular cutting operation by transverse movement ofthe slide 46, the head drive control lever 241 is moved to neutralposition and the handwheel 49 is engaged to turn the shaft '200 and theworm 201 manually, the position of the head being ascertained from theangle scale 59 supplemented by the micrometer dial 150, as previouslyexplained. The head may then be clamped in the adjusted position bytightening a pair of clamping screws 25l which project downward from thelower surface of the head at diametrically opposed positions, as appearsin Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 18. As shown in detail in Fig. 3, the clampingscrews 25] bear against the lower side of a clamping ring 252 disposedcircumferentially of the head, as indicated inFig. 10, the screwsforcing the ring upward into frictional engagement with the lowersurface of the supporting structure 43.

Withthe head thus clamped, the cross slide 40 may be moved along thepredetermined angular path by turning the hand crank 53, therelI tingoperation by rotating the head, the slide 46 is first accuratelyadjusted radially by reference to the scale 56 and the dial 51, aspreviously explained, to position the spindle 42 at the desired radialdistance from the center of the head. The slide 46 may then be clampedrigidly to the head by tightening a clamping spanner nut 258 that isthreaded on the lower end of the non-rotating sleeve 66, the arrangementbeing such that when the nut is tightened it draws downward upon thesleeve and exerts force upward upon a depending cylindrical portion 259of the cross slide structure that encircles the sleeve, asshown in Fig.10. This causes the upper end of the sleeve 66 to exert force downwardupon the top of the head 45 and forces the cross slide upward intofrictional clamping engagement with the lower surface of the rotaryhead. The depending cylindrical portion 259 of the cross slide isaccurately finished on its exterior in manner to present a true surfacefor receiving any of various attachments which may be utilized inconnection with the machine, such as the attachment previously referredto as disclosed in the previously mentioned Patent No. 2,340,2-10. Forretaining the vertically movable quill .41 in predetermined positionafter it has been adjusted by manipulating the hand crank I11, the lowerend of the sleeve 66 is slotted and is threaded to receive a clampingspanner nut 262 generally similar to the slide clamping nut 258, thearrangement being such that when the nut 262 is tightened, the slottedend of the sleeve 66 is contracted into clamping engagement with theexterior of the quill 41 to retain it rigidly in adjusted position.

The work supporting structure comprising the knee 83, the saddle 35 andthe table 31, is constructed to support the workpiece 39 in such mannerthat it may be positioned relative to the tool spindle 42 with a highdegree of precision. As appears in Fig. 2, the approximate verticalposition of the knee 33 may be established by means of an indicator 264adjustably positioned on the side of the column 38, and accuratevertical positioning of the knee may be effected by referring to a,micrometer dial 265 associated with the knee elevating handwheel 34.After the adjustment has been effected, a'clamping mechanism operated bya=clamping lever 266, may be actuated for clamping the knee to thecolumn in its adjusted position.

To provide for guiding the saddle 35 accurately in traversing movementsalong the knee 33, a relatively long and narrow guideway. 210 is formedfor it on the top of knee, as shown in Figs. 1, 5 and '7. In order thatthe guideway may be of maximum length, there is provided on the rear ofthe knee structure an extension member, 212, in this instanceconstituted by a bracket bolted to the knee, although the extensionmight be formed integrally with the knee casting. As

shown in Figs. 5 and 7, the extension element 212 Y is shaped toconstitute an integral part of the guideway 218 and it is disposed toproject rearwardly into a vertically extending recess 213 formed in theforward face of the column 38 between the guideways 3| and .32 and ofsuch dimensions as to permit unrestricted movement of the extension 212therein when the knee is adjusted vertically. The saddle 35 is likewiseprovided with a complementary rearwardly extending member 214 which isadapted to slidably engage the knee extension 212 when the saddle ismoved to its rearward position adjacent to the column face. By thisarrangement, the length of the guiding bearing surfaces between the saddle and the knee is materially increased, thereby reducing thelikelihood ofcanting or turning movement of the saddle relative to theknee and increasing the accuracy of its relationship with the knee.

The approximate position of the saddle relative to the knee may bedetermined'by means of ascale' 216 mounted on the side of the knee andcooperating with an indicating pointer 211 adjustably mounted on thesaddle, as shown in Fig. 2. More accurate indication of the saddleposition may be obtained from a micrometer dial 218 associated with thehandwheel 35 for moving the saddle. For establishing the transverseposition'of the saddle with a high degree of precision, there isprovided a dial indicator 2 86 mounted on the knee and functioning incooperatiomwith measuring rods 281 carried by the knee, as shown in Fig.7, the rods being arranged.

to be engaged by a suitable abutment on the saddle, whereby theindicator 280 may be actuated in well known manner to establish theposition of the saddle. After the saddle 35 has been accuratelypositioned, it may be clamped to the knee 33 by means of a clampingmechanism actuated by a clamping lever 262.

As shown in Figs. 1 and-7, the saddle 35 presents a relatively longupper bearing surface for-receiving the work supporting table 31, the 40arrangement being such that the table is at all fixed structure such asis utilized of the bed type.

times supported throughout its entirelength upon the bearing surface,the table being relatively short and so'arranged that it does not over-The approximate position oi the table 31 relative to the saddle 35 maybe ascertained by reference to a scale 284 fixed on the front of thesaddle as shown in Fig. land cooperating with an adjustable pointerelement 286 carried by the table.

More accurate'indication of the table position may be ascertain from amicrometer dial 286 asv sociated with the table actuating hand wheel 38.

For precisely positioning the table, there is provided a dial indicator281 arranged to cooperate with indicating rods 288 carried by the saddleand disposed to be engaged by an abutment mounted on the table, as shownin Fig. '7. 4 When contacted by the abutment the rods are moved intoengagement with the indicator 281 ioractuating it in well known manner.To retain the table in adjusted position, it may be clamped to thesaddle by actuating a clamping lever 288. .The various guiding andsupporting surfaces of the relatively movable wo'rk supporting elements,and the screw and nut mechanisms for moving them are precisely fitted inmanner to obviate all looseness' and backlash. Y a ,Longitudinal feedingmovement of the work supporting table 31 may be efl'ected by power drived from a feed driving motor 292 that actuates 'a rate changingtransmission gear mechanism 293 which is similar in construction andoperation to the gear changing mechanism M for driving the rotary head45. As best shown in Fig. 1, both the motor 292 and the gear box'293 aremounted beneath the right end of the saddle 35, the transmissionmechanism being connected to the table screw by means of reversing anddisconnecting gearing. The reverse gearing may be actuated by a controllever 294 extending at the front of the machine, the arrangement beingsuch that the table may be driven in either direction selectively and atany one of sixteen speeds as determined by the'setting of control levers295 and 290 on the gear box 293.

The table reversing and disconnecting lever 294 has connected to it alongitudinally disposed tripping rod 29! carrying a pair of adjustablymounted tripping dogs .298 disposed to be engaged by a tripping arm 299fixed on the table 31, the arrangement being such that when the tablearrives at either of predetermined terminal positions in its course oftravel, one of the tripping dogs 298 will be engaged by the arm 299 andwill function to move the disconnecting lever 294 and the reversegearing to neutral position, thereby stopping the table. It is to beunderstood that the motor 292 and gear box 293 can also be connectedreadily to drive the saddle actuating screw selectively, or that anothersimilar motor and gear box could be provided for the purpose of drivingthe saddle screwindependently. As shown in Fig. '1, the table drivingmechanism may also be utilized to actuate an attachment mounted on thetable 31, for in-' stance, a rotary table 301 that is operativelyconnected by a drive shaft 302 to the transmission mechanism.

The rotary table 30] may also be turned manually in the usual manner byactuating a handwheel 393 extending at the front thereof. Further, thehandwheel 303 may be replaced by -an between and acting upon a pluralityof equally spaced clamping balls 301. When the locking screw 305 isturned by the knob 306 in manner to .the dial may be released from thetraversing screw readily by turning the knob 306 to withdraw the lockingscrew 305, whereupon the dial 210 may be turned to the desired positionafter which it may again be clamped to the shaft by turning the knob 308to tighten the locking screw indexing crank and a cooperating indexingplate in known manner to provide for eflecting precise angularpositioning of the rotary table 30! in performing indexing operations onthe machine. Likewise, the handwheel 49 by means of which the rotaryhead is actuatedmanually, may be replaced by a similar indexing crankand a cooperating indexing plate for the purpose of indexing the rotaryhead to provide for successively positioning the spindle 42 by preciselypredetermined angular in'crements.

Each of the several micrometer dials associated with the variousmanually actuated positioning devices for the movable elements of themachine, is arranged to. be released readily for turning it relative toits associated adjusting member in order that it may be set at aninitial position from which measuring movement of the machine elementmay be effected. As shown'in detail in Fig. 8, with respect to themicrometer dial 2" associated with the saddle cross feeding mechanism,the dial is arranged to be clamped in fixed position relative to thecross feeding screw by means of a locking screw 305 which extends to thefront of the associated handwheel 39 concentric therewith and isprovided at its forward or outer end with a knurled actuating knob 390that is readily accessible for clamping or unclamping the'dial. Asshown, the screw 305 is threaded in the actuating shaft which carriesthe handwheel 30 and is provided at its inner and with a tapered orconical portion disposed In machining a surface to a predeterminedcontour on the workpiece 39, for example to form a slot or groove in orthrough the workpiece such as to constitute an extrusion die having aconfigured opening 310, as indicated in Fig. 7, the work supportingtable and the spindle carrying head are moved in coordinated, accuratelycontrolled relationship. Preferably, the spindle 42 is first set at thecenter of the rotary head and the table and saddle are moved to soposition the workpiece 39 that the spindle axis coincides with a point 3selected to constitute the center of an arcuate portion 3l2 of the slot.The rotary head may then be turned to position the slide 45 transverselyof the work table 31 and the slide moved relative to the head toposition the spindle 42 at a distance from the center of rotation of thehead 45 equal to the radius of the arcuate portion M2 and at the pointcoinciding with one end thereof. The cutter 44 may then be fed downwardinto the workpiece 39 to the desired depth by actuating the quillfeeding hand crank I" to establish the depth of out. A trip dog 235 maybe positioned in the T slot 238 of the rotary head at a pointto stop thehead just prior to completion of the arcuate portion 3l2, and powerrotation of the head may then be started by actuating the reverserengaging lever 24!, whereupon the cutter 44 will be fed along thearcuate path 3I2 until power movement of the headis stopped byengagement of the tripping dog 235 with the tripping arm 231. Furthermovement of the rotary head 45 may be effected manually by turning thehand wheel 49 until the arcuate out has been completed throughout anaccurately predetermined. angle, as indicated by the scale 59 and themicrometer dial 90.

After the arcuate out has been completed, the

3l2. With the cutter reentered in the slot, the

dial 51 on the slide actuating screw 55 may be set to zero position andthe slide advanced by .turning the slide actuating hand crank 53 untilthe cutter has moved along the angular portion 3l3 through the desireddistance, as indicated by the dial reading. The dial 206 associated withthe table moving mechanism may then be set to zero position after whichthe table is moved to the left, either manually or by power under thespindle in the head adjusted in accordance with.

control of its trip mechanism, in manner to form the longitudinalportion 3 l 4 of the slot, the movement being continued until the dial.283 indicates that the longitudinal portion has been cut to thepredetermined length. The dial 213 associated with the saddle traversingmechanism may then be set at zero position and the saddle moved inforward direction thenecessary distance, as indicated by the dial toform the transverse portion 3l 5 of the slot.

When the straight portions of the slot have been completed, the cutteris again withdrawn from the workpiece and the cross slide 46 ispositioned in the head 45 to ,place the cutter at the distance from thecenter of rotation of the head corresponding to the radius of anotherarrequired position and the rotary head driving mechanism may be startedto feed the cutter around the arcuate element 3l8 until the head isstopped automatically, whereupon the slot may be completed to thepredetermined angular position by manually actuating the head turninghand wheel 49 as previously explained.

In forming multiple dies or the like in which a plurality of duplicateconfigurations are arranged in either angular or rectilinear spacedrelationship, the work may be expedited and accurate duplicationfacilitated by forming each element of the several configurationssuccessively at the spaced positions. If the configurations are to beangularly spaced, the workpiece is mounted on the rotary table 30!, andafter the rotary I head has been adjusted to effect, for example.

an arcuate cut of predetermined radius, the table may be indexed inmanner to present the various positions upon the workpiece to thecutter'and measurements taken upon the workpiece. After the spindle hasbeen accurately adjusted in this manner, a series of parallel cuts maybe made by shifting the workpiece as previously explained. Under somecircumstances a grinding wheel may be substituted for the milling cutterfor grinding the opposite sides of rectangular pieces or for performingother work.

In performing various machining operations upon the improved millingmachine constructed in accordance with this invention, it is sometimesdesirable to apply cutter cooling liquid or'coolant to the millingcutter, and at other times it is desirable that a blast of air beapplied to the workpiece in the region of the cutting operation theseveral arcuate cuts made successively. After the arcuate elements haveall been formed, the rotary head may be reset and the work table againindexed to effect successive formation of another element, for instancea straight line portion of the configuration, the indexing beingrepeated-until all elements of the configurations have been formed. Ifthe repeated configurations are to be arranged rectilineally, theworkpiece may be moved in like manner to the successive positions byappropriately moving the table and saddle in accordance with theindications of the assocciated measuring instruments. r

In the event that the configuration being machined includes a parthaving parallel sides such as a rectangular element, disposed parallelwith the direction of, movement of the table, the part may be machinedmost readily by use of the ro- .tary head for positioning the tool atthe oppos te sides of the rectangle. For this purpose, the spindle 42 isset at the radial position equal to one half of the width of therectangle. One side of the rectangleais machined by feeding the table orsaddle as the case may be, and then the spindle carrying head is turnedthrough one-half of the revolution to position the cutter for machiningthe other side of the rectangle. After the sides of the rectangle arefinished, the head may then be turned one-quarter of a revolution andreset to machine the ends in like manner. For highly accurate work,trial cuts may be taken on both sides of the rectangle and the. positionof the in order to remove chips to provide for better observation of theprogress of the work. Further,

under some circumstances it may be desirable to apply a mixture of airand liquid to the cutter and the workpiece. For this purpose, themachine is provided with a coolant liquid pump 323 mounted in the baseof the machine and operated by a' motor 32L and disposed adjacent to thecoolant pump on the side of the column isan air pump 322 similarlyoperated by a motor 323.

As shown in Fig. 2; the coolant pump 323 andthe air pump 322 areconnected respectively by means of conduits 324 and 325 to a mixing orjunction chamber or conduit 328, shown enlarged in Fig. 4, from which asingle conduit leads t the region of the cutter. Since the cuttervsupporting spindle 42 is arranged to be moved along angular or arcuatecoolant be arranged to follow the movements of the cutter. For thispurpose, the coolant conduit is provided with a readily directabledelivery nozzle 328 that is supported by means of a collar 323 disposedconcentric with the spindle 42 and rotatably mounted upon a collar 330which is secured to the cylindrical portion 259 depending from the crossslide 46, the arrangement being such that the nozzle 323 may follow thegyratory movement of the spindle. For conveying the coolant fluid to thenozzle, there is provided a horizontally disposed tubular member 33lwhich is pivotally supported at its forward end upon the rotatablecollar 329 and is slidably mounted near its other end in a guide member332 that is pivotally mounted for universal swiveling movement on theside of the column 33, the arrangement being such that the tube 33 I maymove longitudinally and angularly in following the movement of thecutter spindle. The connection.

from the valve chamber 326 on the side of the column to the rearward endof the tube 33! is effected by means of a flexible conduit 333.

In order to prevent the coolant liquid from being forced into the. airpump 322 when the pump motor 323 is not operating, the valve chamber 326is provided with a ball valve or check 335 that closes the inlet to thechamber from the air conduit 325, as shown in Fig. 4. Likewise, theliquid pump 32!! is provided with a check valve 336 which in similarmanner prevents the air from escaping through the liquid pump when thelatter is not operating. For regulating the rate of ,flow of the coolantliquid, as may be desirable when a mixture of coolant liquid and air isutilized, an adjustable regulating or proportioning valve 331 isprovided in the coolant liquid supply conduit 324 adjacent to the valvechamber 326.

The coolant pump and air pump motors 32l and 322 may be controlled bymeans of switches 3 and 342, respectively, mounted on the front of themachine head structure 43. As shown in Fig. 1, the switches 34l and 342are mounted in a control panel 343 at the front of 'the head, which alsocarries a switch 344 for starting or stopping the rotary head drivingmotor 209 and a reversing switch 345 arranged to energize the spindledriving motor 63 for rotation in either direction selectively. Aseparate switch 346 is provided on the right end of the saddle 35, asshown in Figs. 1, 5' and '7, for starting and stopping the table drivingmotor 292. Electric power for energizing the various motors and imsupplying lights which may be applied to the dial indicating devices 280and 281 or disposed to illuminate the workpiece and cutter, is broughtinto the machine through a master control switch 348 that is mounted ina housing 349 formed in the left side of the column, as shown in Figs. 2and 7. By this arrangement, the machine operator may completelydisconnect the power source from the machine after he has finished usingit, by open- 7 ing the main switch 348, thereby deenergizing all of thevarious motors and lighting units, the switch being so arranged that itmay be locked inopen position to prevent unauthorized energizationof anyelectrical part of the machine.

From the foregoing description and explanation of the operation of thedisclosed embodiment of this invention, it is apparent that there hasbeen provided an improved, highly versatile machine tool capable ofbeing manipulated in manner to effect cutting strokes of intricate andprecise character in accordance with specified dimensions.

Although a single embodiment of the invention has been described inconsiderable detail for the purpose of fully disclosing a practical,operative exemplary apparatus, it is to be understood that the apparatusherein described is intended to be illustrative only, and that thevarious inventive features thereof may be incorporated in otherstructural forms without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention as defined in the subioined'claims:

The principles of the invention having now been fully explained inconnection with the foregoing description of the illustrative embodyingapparatus, the-invention is hereby claimed as follows: Y

1. A milling machine comprising a. frame, a work supporting tableslidably mounted on said frame for movement in a horizontal plane, atoolsupporting head rotatably mounted in said frame above said table, atransverse slide carried by said head for-movement radially thereof, a

spindle carrying quill slidably mounted in said slide for vertical axialmovement toward or from said table, a tool carrying spindle rotatablymounted in said quill. means mounted on said frame and operativelyconnected to turn said head for imparting gyratory movement to, saidspindle, power driving means mounted on said 2. In a machine tool, thecombination with a frame, of a rotatable tool carrying head mounted insaid frame, a tool slide carried by said head and arranged for radialmovement relative thereto, a tool spindle rotatably mounted in said toolslide, power driven means mounted in said frame and operativelyconnected to rotate said tool carrying head, power driven means mountedin said frame, means supporting said power driven means for movement insaid frame independently of said rotatable head, and power transmittingmeans operatively connected to transmit power fromsaid power drivenmeans to said rotatable head to rotate said tool spindle.

3. A machine tool comprising a frame, a work holding member movablymounted on said frame, a spindle supporting quill mounted for axialandgyratory bodily movement relative to said frame in cooperatingrelationship with said work holding member, a tool carrying spindlerotatably mounted in said quill, power driven means mounted in saidframe, means supporting said power driven means for movementindependently of said quill, and transmission means operativelyconnected between said power driven means and said rotatable spindle todrive said spindle.

4. In a machine tool, the combination witha frame, a tool supportinghead rotatably mounted in said frame, a tool spindle eccentricallydisposed in said rotatable supporting head, means for r0 tating saidhead to cause gyratory movement of said spindle, a connecting rodstructure rotatably connected at one end to said rotary head concentricwith said spindle and slidably mounted at its other end in said frame,and a source of power carried by said connecting rod structure andoperatively connected to drivesaid spindle.

5. In a machine tool, the combination with a cuttingtool, of coolantsupplying means for said 40 tool including a coolant delivery nozzle, acoolant liquid pump operatively connected to supply coolant liquid tosaid nozzle, an air pump connected to supply air to said nozzle, andautomatically operating valve means arranged to prevent liquid fromflowing from said liquid pump into said air pump,

6. In a machine tool, a frame, a spindle carry- ;ing head rotatablymounted in said frame, a

frame, means supporting said power .drivinl means for movementindependently of said rotatable head, and a transmission mechanismconnectingsaid power driving means to rotate said spindle for driving atool supported thereby. whereby the tool in said spindle may be rotatedwhile being moved through circular or arcuate cutting strokes ofpredetermined radii at .differ- ,ent predetermined positions on aworkpiece carried by said table.

cross slide mounted for radial movement in said head, a quill slidablymounted for axial movement in said cross slide, a tool spindle rotatablymounted in said quill, power driven means operatively connected to drivesaid tool spindle regardless of the position assumed by said quilL'andmeans for driving said quill in axial feeding movements including speedchanging and reversing mechanism carried by said cross slide andoperatively connected to be driven by said tool spindle.

I. A machine tool comprising a frame, a spindle supporting headrotatably mounted in said frame, a cross slide mounted for radialmovement in said head, a spindle carrying quill mounted for axialsliding movement in said cross slide, a spindle rotatably mounted insaid quill, means for driving said spindle, and means driven by saidspindle andoperatively connected to feed said quill in axial directionat predetermined rate.

8. Ins machine tool, a rotary head, a spindle su sleeve mounted in saidhead parallel with the axis of rotation thereof and arranged for radialadjustment relative thereto, a spindle driving member journalled on saidsleeve concentric therewith, means for driving said member, a

said spindle to said quill moving means for effecting power axialfeeding movement of said spindle:

9. In a machine tool, a rotatable supporting head, a cross slide carriedby said head, means to adjust the position of said cross slide radiallyof said head, a quill slidably mounted in said cross slide for axialmovement relative thereto, aspindle rotatably mounted in said quill,,power actuated-means operatively connected --to turn said head forrevolving said spindle bodily along a circular path of movement,. poweractuated means operatively connected to rotate'said spindle irrespectiveof its bodily movement, and power actuated means operatively connectedto efiect axial movement of said quill while said spindle is rotatingand while said head is turning, whereby said spindle may be given anaxial feeding movementwhile it is rotating and while it is beingrevolved bodily in a circular path.

10. In a machine tool, a frame, work supporting means carried by saidframe, a rotatable spindle supporting head journalled on said frame incooperating relationship with said work supporting means, a transversespindle supporting slide mounted for radial movement in said rotatablehead, an axially movable spindle supporting quill carried by saidtransverse slide, means to drive said rotatable head for moving'saidquill in a circular path, a tool carrying spindle rotatably mounted insaid quill and bodily movable therewith, means to drive said spindle torotate a cutting tool carried thereby while it is being moved bodilywith said head, and means to drive said quill to effect a longitudinalfeeding movement, the arrangement being such that a rotary cutting toolcarried by said spindle may be revolvedbodily along a circular pathwhile being rotated to eflect a cutting action and simultaneously fedaxially into a workpiece on said work supporting means. V

11. A machine tool comprising a'i'rame, a work holding member movablymounted on said frame, a spindle supporting quill mounted for axial andyratory bodily movement relative to said frame in cooperatingrelationship with'said work holding member, a tool carrying spindlerotatably mounted in said'quilL'power driven means operativelyconnectedto drive said spindle for rotating a.tool carried thereby-andmeans driven by a said spindle for driving said quill to effect axialfeeding movement. of said tool. v

12. A milling machine comprising a frame, a

' work supporting table slidably mounted on-said frame for movementin ahorizontal plane, a tool supporting head rotatably mounted in said frameabove said table, a transverse slide carried by said mined radius at,predetermined positions on -a workpiece carried by saidtable while thetool is being rotated to effect a cutting operation and is,simultaneously being fed axially into the workpiece.

13. In a machine tool, a rotary head, a spin-v dle supporting sleevemounted in said head parallel with the axis of rotation thereof andarranged for radial adjustment relative thereto, a spindle drivingmember journalled on said sleeve concentric therewith, means for drivingsaid member, a quill element slidably mounted for axial movementwithin'said sleeve, means for imparting axial movement to said quill, atool carrying spindle journalled in said quill for axial movementtherewith and having sliding driving connection with said spindledriving member for rotation thereby, means operatively connected, toturn said rotary head forimparting gyratory movement to said spindle,and means carried by said supporting sleeve and operative to transmitpower from said spindl to said quill moving means for effecting poweraxial feeding movement of said spindle while it is gyrating.

14. In a machine tool, a frame, a spindle carrying head rotatablymounted in said frame, a

cross slide mounted for radial movement in said head, a quill slidablymounted for axial movement in said cross slide, a tool spindle rotatablymounted in said quill, power driven means operatively connected to drivesaid tool spindle regardless of the position assumed by said quill,means for driving said rotatable head to revolve. said tool spindle in acircular path of cutting A movement, and means for driving said quill inaxial feeding movement including speed, changing and reversing mechanismcarried by said cross slide and operatively'connected to be driven bysaid tool spindle.

15. A machine tool comprising a frame, a spindle supporting headrotatably mounted in said frame, a cross slide mounted .for radialmovehead for movement radially thereof,- a spindle carrying quillslidably mounted in said slide for vertical axial movement toward orfrom said table a tool carrying spindle rotatably mounted in said quill,means mounted on said frame and ,operatively connected to turn said headfor imparting gyratory movement to said spindle, power driven meansoperatively connected to rotate said spindle for driving a toolsupported thereby, and power driven means operatively connected toeffect axial feeding movement of said quill, where by ,a-tool in saidspindle may be moved through circular or 'arcuate cutting strokes ofpredeten ment in said head, a spindle carrying quill mounted for axialsliding movement in said cross slide, a spindle rotatably mounted insaid quill,

means for rotating said spindle head to revolve said spindle along acircular path of bodily movement, means for driving said spindle inrotary movement. and means driven by said spindle and operativelyconnected to feed said quill in axial direction at predetermined rate.

16. In a machine tool having a frame, a rotary tool spindle mounted forgyratory movement in said frame, a supporting structure comprising afirst plate pivotally mounted at one end concentric wvith said toolspindle, an intermediate plate slidably connected to said first plate, athirdjplate slidably connected to said intermediate plate and pivotallymounted at one end upon another element of said machine tool, a pulleycarried by each of said plates, means operatively connecting said pulleyon said first plate to, drive said spindle, belts interconnecting, saidpulleys, means to move said plates relative to each other to tightensaid belts upon said pulleys, and-a single clamping device disposed toclamp said three plates together to retain said tively connected toeffect continuous gyration of said spindle, power driven means operativeto effect rotation of said spindle about its own axis while it isgyrating and means driven by said

